Arif Mohammad Siddiq

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Retno Wimbaningrum

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Hari Sulistiyowati

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Rendy Setiawan

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Silvia Dwi Febrianti

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Firman Syauqi Nur Sabila

Ijen Geopark, Bondowoso

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/lsb.v1i2.44165

ABSTRACT 

The Biosite Pangpang Bay Ijen Geopark (BPBIG) has a high potential biodiversity value outside the conservation area, particularly in the mangrove forest. However, this information is still incomplete. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the diversity of bird species in the BPBIG mangrove forest. The research was conducted in October 2023 using the point count method at six observation sites in the mangrove forest. Data analysis was carried out in two approaches, i.e., species composition and species diversity index using the Shannon Wiener index (H’). We recorded 39 bird species, consisting of 32 genera and 21 families, in the mangrove forest of BPBIG. One bird species has important conservation status based on the IUCN Red List and National Regulation, namely Leptoptilos javanicus (a vulnerable and protected species). Furthermore, there are also three migratory birds (Todirhamphus sanctus, Numenius phaeopus, and Actitis hypoleucos) that use the mangrove forest of BPBIG as stopover sites during migration periods. The results of the Shannon Wiener index showed that the bird diversity in the BPBIG mangrove ecosystem is in the medium category (H' = 2.02). Finally, based on these results, it can be concluded that the bird species in the mangrove forest of BPBIG are quite diverse, and it is shown that this forest has become a supporting habitat for birds.

Keywords: bird, diversity, mangrove forest, Biosite Pangpang Bay.