Ludfi Kurniawan

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Alvina Nur Laili

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Devi Silvia Anggaini

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Salsabila Qurrotu ‘Ain

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Dyah Retno Wulandari

The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN)

Fuad Bahrul Ulum

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/lsb.v1i2.43753

ABSTRACT 

Black rice is a popular functional food due to its high antioxidant content and superior nutrition compared to white rice. However, its supply in the market remains limited due to low productivity and longer harvesting periods. Oryza sativa L. var. Cempo Ireng, a local black rice in Java, is widely consumed and is currently under intensive plant breeding development. Polyploid induction is one of the promising methods to improve plant characteristics. Anti-mitotic compounds such e.g. colchicine, catharanthine, and oryzalin have been applied in many studies for autopolyploid induction in plant breeding research. The aims of this study were to observe the effectiveness of bio-catharanthine for polyploidy induction in Cempo Ireng black rice and to analyze the induced black rice based on their stomatal cell, antioxidant activity, and chromosome features. This study used a two-factor treatment i.e. bio-catharanthine concentration (0.1 %, 0.2 %, 0.3 %, 0.4 %, 0.5 %, 1%, 1.5 %, 2 %, 2.5 %, and 3 %) and soaking durations (12, 24, and 48 hours). The results showed that bio-catharanthine did not reduce the germination rate of the Cempo Ireng seeds. The higher concentration (2.5 % and 3 %) and longest soaking duration (48 h) of bio-catharanthine altered the chromosome and increased the stomatal size and density of Cempo Ireng black rice. The antioxidants of the leaf sample did not alter by the treatment. This study proposed the application of bio-catharanthine with a promising potential for black rice polyploid research.

Keywords: antioxidant, bio-catharanthine, black rice, Cempo Ireng, polyploidy.