Siswanto

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Ayu Dea Prawesti

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

Sutoyo

Biology Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Jember, Indonesia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.19184/lsb.v1i1.39560

ABSTRACT 

Epiphytic orchids and ferns in urban forests simulating a lowland tropical forest ecology were studied. This study aimed to provide information about the epiphytes' adaptation to living in a dynamic microclimate of the tree canopy. Five epiphytes from the two taxa (orchids and ferns) were observed in their stomatal structure and chlorophyll contents. The stomatal type, size, and density were analysed with microscopic observation. The chlorophyll content was measured using a spectrophotometer. The orchids developed different mechanisms for water conservation compared to the ferns. Orchids develop smaller sizes and denser stomata to support photosynthesis rate as they had water absorbers and storage organs. On the other hand, ferns tend to avoid drought stress by developing fewer numbers and sparse stomata. The higher chlorophyll content in ferns was for photosynthesis efficiency purposes.

Keywords: chlorophyll, epiphytes, ferns, orchids, stomata.